The Fly Room: a new film about Thomas Hunt Morgan's genetics laboratory

I just discovered the website for the new movie The Fly Room. I could not be more excited to see this film as it combines two of my favorite things: science and cinema. The film is set in Thomas Hunt Morgan's genetics lab at Columbia University. From 1911-1928, Morgan's lab, nicknamed the Fly Room, pioneered the use of fruit flies as a model organism to understand genetics. The lab made several major contributions towards understanding mutations, heredity, and sex-linked traits. Morgan's Fly Room has a unique combination that make it a great subject for a film: an unusual lab space, memorable scientists, and cutting-edge science. (Sam Kean's The Violinist's Thumb does an excellent job of telling this fascinating story in a way that highlights all of these features.)

The lab space has been described as being not much bigger than a broom closet. Archival photos, such as the one above, show benches covered with old milk bottles filled with fruit flies and stuffed with gauze. The lab used bananas to feed the flies, which caused a characteristic fetid odor. It seemed like fruit flies were everywhere, an impression made worse by the small space. Of course, Morgan's habit of squishing non-mutant fruit flies on any available space helped contribute to the mess. The Space Revisited section of the website includes some great movies and details about the process of recreating the unique space for the movie.

The Fly Room at Columbia University - Restored to Its Original State from Imaginal Disc on Vimeo.

The lab also hosted an amazing array of characters. One of these scientists was Calvin Bridges, a handsome genius with an appetite for both science and women. Calvin Bridges was a brilliant scientist, but his philandering damaged his career (Morgan disapproved of his behavior and would not promote him) and cut short his life (Calvin died of syphilis at age 41). After his death, his lab mates burned his personal diaries to protect his reputation.



Alexis Gambis, the film's writer and director, became fascinated with the story of the Fly Room during his PhD in molecular biology at the Rockefeller University. Based on his interest in the story of Calvin Bridges, Gambis sought out Betsey Bridges, the late scientist's daughter. Exchanging stories with Betsey gave Gambis a new way to tell the story of the Morgan lab. The film uses Betsey's visit to the Fly Room as a young girl to explore the girl's relationship with her father as well as the science at the heart of the Morgan lab.

As evidenced by the recent films The Imitation Game and The Theory of Everything, casting scientists as characters in the story of science can create a useful narrative tool. While the focus of these films has been entertainment (indeed, all of these films have taken some degree of poetic license), they also serve as a tool to elucidate the scientific process and inform the public about the importance of basic research. The critical reception of The Fly Room has been very good. I am confident it will show in Boston soon, so I will be sure to update this post when I get to see the film.

More information:
Here is a great story on The Week: Exploring The Fly Room
You can follow The Fly Room on Twitter to see where it is showing next. 

Sources:
Sam Kean's The Violinist's Thumb
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory library: Morgan's lab

LabLit: books about scientists and the realities of life in the lab

While exploring the Internet, I recently found the LabLit List, a frequently updated list of books that have scientists as central characters. In contrast to science fiction, these books occur in realistic settings. Lab lit books include some science to contribute to the plot. Because most lab lit is written by non-scientists, the science is not always very detailed. However, there are a few novelists who trained as scientists, including Carl Djerassi, Ann Lingard, and Jennifer Rohn (Rohn's book The Honest Look is next on my reading list). The lab lit books that I have read really capture the intensity of life in the lab, showing both the camaraderie and the competitiveness. So if you left the lab, but still fondly remember your days as a lab rat, this is likely a good genre for you. Below, I have written short reviews of three representative lab lit books that I have enjoyed.


Antisense by Richard Marshall

Principal investigator Daniel Hayden is a neuroscientist studying the molecular basis of aggressive behavior in mice. The beginning of Antisense is firmly planted in the lab, but quickly veers into the personal life of Hayden. I enjoyed some of the science bon mots; for example, when explaining blotting techniques Marshall writes, "we ran out of things to blot before we could head east." By the middle of the book, I worried that the plot would be the common male midlife meltdown, but the story generally redeemed itself. The science was interesting, but not very detailed. I was frustrated when Hayden started making grand conclusions based on a single experiment, but soon realized that this was likely the author's way of showing the PI's changing mental state. Likewise, the title was a clever choice, which was appropriate for the science as well as the character's journey.


Intuition by Allegra Goodman


Allegra Goodman's 2006 novel Intuition is set in a high-stakes, ultra-competitive lab at a fictional cancer research institute in Boston's Longwood Medical Area. (Coincidentally, I was working at a similar institute when I read the book in 2007.) Intuition explores why the stakes are so high and what can happen when scientists succumb to the pressure. Goodman spent time in several labs to understand the lab environment. As a result, the book successfully captures many of the typical lab characters and accurately paints the daily life of a researcher. However, the science is not very detailed. Rather, the story focuses more on interpersonal dynamics in the lab and the possibly fraudulent data of one researcher. In light of some of the recent, high profile retractions (e.g., STAP stem cells) and the growing concerns about reproducibility in science, Intuition is increasingly relevant.


Life by Gwyneth Jones


Life tells the story of Anna Senoz, a mid-career scientist who makes an amazing discovery about the X and Y chromosomes: her sequencing data suggest that the Y chromosome is slowly being transferred to the X chromosome. Senoz studies the transferred Y story in secret, as she fears the implications and consequences of her results. The author chose the topic of sex chromosome balance as a way to discuss gender discrimination. (Here is a fascinating essay from Gwyneth Jones on her intentions for this novel.) Senoz suffers both major events (e.g., sexual assault) and minor slights (e.g., senior scientists referring to Senoz as a "good girl"), which affect Senoz's career and personality. The science in the book was well detailed, but did not feel realistic. Perhaps the book could have focused on an authentic scientific phenomenon, like intragenomic conflict in sex chromosomes (some discussion of the topic here). For me, this was the most successful of the many lab lit books I have read. However, it feels a bit more like science fiction than the other titles. Indeed, Life won the Philip K. Dick award in 2005.